ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING LENGTH OF STAY (LOS) IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH DIARRHEA RECEIVING ZINC THERAPY AT HOSPITAL X IN 2023
The Effect of Appropriate Dose and Duration of Zinc Administration on the Length of Stay of Pediatric Diarrhea Patients at Hospital X in 2023
Abstract
Diarrhea is a significant contributor to child morbidity and mortality, with a prevalence of 10.2% in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to examine factors affecting the length of stay (LOS) in pediatric diarrhea patients receiving zinc therapy at Hospital X in 2023. This was a retrospective observational study involving medical record analysis of 76 patients aged 0–18 years who met the inclusion criteria (diagnosed with diarrhea, received zinc therapy, and had complete data). Samples were selected using purposive sampling, with the minimum sample size calculated using the Lemeshow formula. Data were categorized based on the appropriateness of zinc dosage (10 mg/day for children <6 months and 20 mg/day for those ≥6 months) and duration of administration (10–14 days). Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test in SPSS version 26, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results showed that 80.26% received the correct dose and 81.58% received zinc for the appropriate duration. There was a significant association between both zinc dosage (p = 0.012) and duration (p = 0.000) with LOS. This study highlights the importance of proper zinc therapy to shorten hospitalization in children with diarrhea.
Keywords:
Diarrhea; Zinc; Length of Stay; Pediatric.
References
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[3] Bhutta ZA, Black RE, Brown KH, et al. Prevention of diarrhea and pneumonia by zinc supplementation in children in developing countries: pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials. 1999. In: Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE): Quality-assessed Reviews [Internet]. York (UK): Centre for Reviews and Dissemination(UK);1995-.
[4] Depkes Surakarta. 2022. Profil Kesehatan Surakarta tahun 2022. Dinas Kesehatan Surakarta
[5] Depkes Surakarta. 2023. Profil Kesehatan Surakarta tahun 2023. Dinas Kesehatan Surakarta
[6] Dipiro, J., J.T., Talbert, R.L., Yee, G.C., Matzke, G.R., Wells, B.G., dan Posey, L.M., 2020, Pharmacotherapy Handbook, Edisi ke-11, New York: McGraw-Hill Education, New York.
[7] Fischer Walker, C. L., et al. (2012). Diarrhea incidence in low- and middle-income countries in 1990 and 2010: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 12(1), 220.
[8] Iswari, Y. (2011). Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian Diare Pada Anak Usia Dibawah 2 Tahun di RSUD Koja Jakarta (Unpublished thesis). Universitas Indonesia, Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan.
[9] La Ode, M. (2014). Identifikasi Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Penyakit Diare Pada Pasien 24 Balita Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara Tahun 2013..
[10] Dahlan, M. S., et al. (2022). Factors associated with length of stay in children with diarrhea. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 74(3), 349-354.
[11] Kemenkes RI. 2011. Lima Langkah Tuntaskan Diare. Departemen Kesehatan RI Direktorat Jenderal Pengendalian Penyakit dan Penyehatan Lingkungan. Jakarta.
[12] Kemenkes RI. 2021. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2020. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Jakarta.
[13] Kemenkes RI. 2022. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2020. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Jakarta.
[14] Latif, H., 2015. Terapi Suplementasi Zink dan Probiotik Pada Pasien Diare. Jurnal Agromed Unila, 2(4), pp.441-445.
[15] Lamberti L., Walker C., Chan K., Jian W dan Black R. 2013. Oral Zinc Supplementation for the Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis. Nutrients, 5(11):4715-40
[16] Lemeshow., Stanley. 1990. Besar Sampel dalam Penelitian Kesehatan. Gadjah Mada. University. Yogyakarta.
[17] Liu, L., et al. (2012). Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality: an updated systematic analysis for 2010 with time trends since 2000. The Lancet, 379(9832), 2151-2161.
[18] Sukawaty, Y., Helmidanora, R., & Handayani, F. (2017). Profil Peresapan Obat Penyakit Diare pada Pasien Rawat Inap Anak di RSU Dr.Kanujoso Djatibowo Balikpapan. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan (JIK), 5(2), 130-136.
[19] Summers, B. B., Yates, M., Cleveland, K. O., Gelfand, M. S., & Usery, J. (2020). Fidaxomicin Compared With Oral Vancomycin for the Treatment of Severe Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea: A Retrospective Review. Hospital Pharmacy, 55(4), 268-272
[20] Szajewska, H., et al. (2014). Management of acute gastroenteritis in children. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 59(3), 299-306.
[21] Tanjung, Melita & Wibowo, William & Winaktu, Gracia & Rumawas, Marina. (2023). Pengaruh Pemberian Zinc Terhadap Status Gizi Pada Anak-Anak. Jurnal MedScientiae. 2. 10.36452/JMedScientiae.v2i3.2986.
[22] Wahyuni, S., et al. (2019). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Lama Rawat Inap Pasien Anak Diare Akut di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Bandung. Jurnal Kesehatan Anak, 6(1), 45-52.
[23] Wati, H., Rahmatullah, S. W., & Hepriatna, M. (2019). Perbandingan Efektivitas Terapi Zink dengan Tanpa Zink Pada Pasien Diare Anak Rawat Inap Di RSD Idaman Kota Banjarbaru. Jurnal Pharmascience, 6(1), 64-67.
[24] WHO/UNICEF Joint Statement. 2004. Clinical Management of Acute Diarrhoea, The United Nations Children’s Fund/World Health Organization. WHO. 2013. Diarrheal Disease. USA:
[25] WHO. (2005). The treatment of diarrhoea: a manual for physicians and other senior health workers. World Health Organization.
[26] WHO. 2017. Diarrhoeal Disease. Tersedia di: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease [Akses pada 8 Desember 2024]
[27] Zhaqila, S., et al. (2023). The effect of zinc and probiotics supplements in children under 5 years old with diarrhea. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy, 5(2), 134-143
Published
2025-11-28
Section
Articles
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