Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia

POTENTIAL OF ORAL ANTIDIABETIC INTERACTIONS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS OUTPATIENTS AT PKU MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA HOSPITAL

Qarriy 'Aina Urfiyya — 2025-11-28

Indonesia is ranked fifth with the highest number of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients in the
world, with 19.5 million patients in 2021, and is estimated to be 28.6 million in 2045. DM
patients can experience comorbidities and complications, so they are at risk of
polypharmacy and drug interactions. The average number of drugs for DM patients is 8.9
drugs per day and 38.8% have the potential to experience interactions. The purpose of this
study was to determine the potential incidence of oral antidiabetic interactions in the
prescription of type 2 DM patients. The study used an observational design.The sample was
a prescription for outpatient type 2 DM patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta in the
period October 2021 - March 2022, totaling 112 prescription sheets. Data analysis used chisquare test on SPSS ver. 23 to see the relationship between the number of drugs and
potential interactions. Drug interaction evaluation was based on drugs.com,
go.drugbank.com and Drug Interaction Facts by Tatro (2009). The study showed that the
highest comorbidity was hypertension (25%) and the highest use of oral antidiabetics was
metformin (45.9%). Potential oral antidiabetic interactions were identified in 52
prescriptions out of 112 prescription sheets, with the highest percentage being the
interaction of metformin with furosemide (16%). There was a significant association
between the number of drugs prescribed and the incidence of potential oral antidiabetic
interactions (p=0.000). Type 2 DM patients who receive polypharmacy have a greater
potential for drug interactions.

CHARACTERIZATION OF GLYCOLIC ACID ETHOSOMES AS ANTIBACTERIAL WITH VARIATION ETHANOL AS VESICLE FORMANT

Novi Nurleni — 2025-11-28

Glycolic acid has antibacterial properties and is hydrophilic which makes it difficult to penetrate through skin lipids to reach target cells. Thus, it is necessary to develop a delivery system in the form of ethosomes containing glycolic acid to increase drug penetration. The method used was hot preparation by varying ethanol concentrations of 20, 30 and 40% as vesicle formers with observations of organoleptics, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, flow properties and cyling tests. The results obtained with the variation of ethanol concentration can affect the characterization of glycolic acid ethosomes. However, no significant changes occurred during 28 days storage (p>0.005).

COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HYPERTENSION DISEASE EDUCATION THROUGH YOUTUBE SHROTS WITH DIRECT COMMUNICATION IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AT PUSKESMAS X IN JAMBI CITY

Ribka Pangaribuan — 2025-11-28

Hypertension is a medical condition in which blood pressure increases significantly, which can increase the risk of cardiovascular complications. This study introduces the innovation of hypertension education through YouTube Shorts as a more effective alternative to direct communication at Puskesmas X in Jambi City. With a quantitative one group pre-test post-test design, 100 hypertensive patients were divided into two groups: 50 received education through YouTube Shorts and 50 through direct communication. Results showed YouTube Shorts was more effective in increasing knowledge (from 44.1 to 79.6) and reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Direct communication also increased knowledge (from 58.08 to 75.18) and lowered systolic pressure, but was less effective in lowering diastolic pressure. The majority of participants were men aged 56-65 years, which suggests that YouTube Shorts are more effective than traditional education methods.

EVALUATION OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE USE OF HOSPITAL FORMULARIES AND NATIONAL FORMULARIES AT HOSPITAL X IN 2024

anggita rosi indayani — 2025-11-28

Pelayanan kefarmasian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien dengan menyediakan layanan yang langsung dan bertanggung jawab dalam penggunaan obat. Salah satu standar minimal Rumah Sakit dalam bidang kefarmasian adalah mencapai kesesuaian penulisan resep dengan formularium sebesar 100%. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah non-eksperimental, dengan metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan retrospektif, yang melibatkan observasi serta evaluasi terhadap data penjulan obat pasien baik yang dirawat jalan maupun yang dirawat inap di RS X pada bulan Januari – Desember 2024 melalui system informasi management Rumah Sakit (SIMRS). Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini mengambarkan tingkat kepatuhan penggunaan formularium di Rumah Sakit X selama bulan januari – desember 2024 masih belum mencapai 100%, yaitu kepatuhan penggunaan Formularium Rumah Sakit rata-rata sebesar 94,07% dan kepatuhan terhadap Formularium Nasional sebesar 80,01%.

EVALUATION OF ALTEPLASE ADMINISTRATION ACCURACY AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTS WITH THROMBOLYSIS THERAPY AT X HOSPITAL IN 2024.

DAVINA ADIRA NATALIA — 2025-11-28

This study aimed to evaluate the timeliness of alteplase administration and clinical outcomes in acute ischaemic stroke patients at Hospital X in 2024. Using a retrospective analytic observational design, data were collected from patients' medical records with a focus on the timeliness of alteplase administration (<4.5 hours) and its impact on clinical outcomes. All patients (100%) received alteplase in a timely manner, according to AHA guidelines, with none receiving therapy after 4.5 hours. The results showed that the timeliness of alteplase administration had a significant effect on clinical outcome, with 90.9% of patients achieving a positive outcome. alteplase administration within the appropriate time window is critical for the clinical recovery of acute ischaemic stroke patients.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTRIBUTES OF FUNCTION, FEATURE, AND BENEFIT TO THE USE OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN KUPANG CITY

Novi Winda Lutsina — 2025-11-28

The use of traditional medicine depends on the uniqueness of the product as seen from the attributes it has. Product attributes consist of three types, namely features, functions, and benefits. This type of research is quantitative with a correlative design using linear regression analysis at pharmacies in 6 districts of Kupang City. The results of the study showed that the function, feature, and benefit attributes together had a significant relationship to the satisfaction of using traditional medicine (F = 0.001 <0.05), while partially the function attribute did not have a significant relationship (t = 0.56 > 0.05), the feature attribute had a significant relationship (t = 0.001 <0.05), and the benefit attribute had a significant relationship (t = 0.001 <0.05) to satisfaction.

"CLOVIBACTIN: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF A NEW ANTIBIOTIC EXPECTED TO OVERCOME RESISTANCE MENGATASI RESISTENSI"

Wulida Nuril Fajriyah — 2025-11-28

This review discusses about that Clovibactin is a new antibiotic isolated from soil samples in the state of North Carolina. Clovibactin contains eight depsipeptide residues consisting of a macrolactone ring and a linear tail. This antibiotic is active against gram-positive bacteria, including drug-resistant human pathogens such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin-resistant enterococci, dan Mycobacterium.tuberculosis. This review aims to assess the activity of clovibactin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clovibactin works by inhibiting all cell wall biosynthesis reactions that consume lipid I, lipid II, lipid IIIwall teichoic acid or undecaprenyl-pyrophosphate (C55PP). Clovibactin showed no cytotoxicity to National Institute of Health/3T3 and HepG2 cells in mammals at a dose of 100 µg/mL. Clovibactin has bactericidal properties on gram-positive bacteria. Clovibactin has an MIC of 0.5-1 µg/mL on M.tuberculosis so it has good bactericidal efficacy with low toxicity.

ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC DRUG PLANNING USING THE ABC METHOD AT PHARMACY INSTALLATION OF HOSPITAL X IN 2024

Feny Febrianti — 2025-11-28

Efficient drug procurement planning is crucial in hospital pharmacy logistics, especially for antibiotics, which consume a significant portion of the budget. This study analyzes antibiotic procurement planning at the Pharmacy Department of Hospital X in 2024 using the ABC analysis method. Out of 132 antibiotic items, 9 items (6.8%) in category A accounted for 69.32% of total costs, 22 items (16.7%) in category B for 20.41%, and 101 items (76.5%) in category C for only 10.27%. These findings support the Pareto principle and highlight the need to prioritize control over category A items. The study recommends a cost-based procurement system, integration of early warning systems, and adjustment of reorder points to achieve more rational and cost-effective antibiotic inventory management.

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING LENGTH OF STAY (LOS) IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH DIARRHEA RECEIVING ZINC THERAPY AT HOSPITAL X IN 2023

Rizka Ardita — 2025-11-28

Diarrhea is a significant contributor to child morbidity and mortality, with a prevalence of 10.2% in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to examine factors affecting the length of stay (LOS) in pediatric diarrhea patients receiving zinc therapy at Hospital X in 2023. This was a retrospective observational study involving medical record analysis of 76 patients aged 0–18 years who met the inclusion criteria (diagnosed with diarrhea, received zinc therapy, and had complete data). Samples were selected using purposive sampling, with the minimum sample size calculated using the Lemeshow formula. Data were categorized based on the appropriateness of zinc dosage (10 mg/day for children <6 months and 20 mg/day for those ≥6 months) and duration of administration (10–14 days). Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test in SPSS version 26, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results showed that 80.26% received the correct dose and 81.58% received zinc for the appropriate duration. There was a significant association between both zinc dosage (p = 0.012) and duration (p = 0.000) with LOS. This study highlights the importance of proper zinc therapy to shorten hospitalization in children with diarrhea.

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL OF PURIFIED ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA EXTRACT THROUGH CYCLOOXYGENASE INHIBITION

Irfan Muris Setiawan — 2025-11-28

Inflammation is a natural respond of the body to harmful stimuli from external environment. However, persistent and prolonged inflammation has been associated with the development of various chronic diseases. The objective of this study is to investigate the cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitory activity of purified extract of Andrographis paniculata (sambiloto) herb. The extraction process was performed through maceration using ethanol 90 %, followed by fractionation with n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvent. This procedure yielded a purified extract of sambiloto herb 2.3 % relative to the dry weight of herb. The COX inhibition assay demonstrated IC₅₀ value of 563.2 µg/mL and 5097.4 µg/mL for COX-1 and COX-2 respectively. These results indicate that purified extract of sambiloto herb exhibits greater inhibition selectivity towards COX-1 compared to COX-2.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF THE COMBINATION OF (MORINGA OLIEFERA) LEAF EXTRACT AND GUAVA LEAF EXTRACT (Psidium guajava L.) AGAINST Escherichia coli

aurelia zahra — 2025-11-28

Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) and guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) contain antibacterial compounds such as alkaloids, tanins, saponins, and flavonoids that effectively inhibit Escherichia coli bacteria. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the combination of both extracts using dilution, diffusion, and paper tape methods with concentrations of 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.1%, 1.5%, and 0.7%, ciprofloxacin as a positive control and 10% DMSO as a negative control. The results of the dilution test showed that a concentration of 12.5% was able to kill Escherichia coli bacteria, the 1:2 combination diffusion test provided the largest inhibition zone, indicating optimal antibacterial effectiveness. and the paper tape test showed an additive pattern indicating that the two extracts supported each other in inhibiting the growth of these bacteria

OPTIMIZATION OF ETHANOL SOLVENT CONCENTRATION AND EXTRACTION TEMPERATURE OF WHITE TURI (Sesbania grandiflora L.) LEAF EXTRACT USING THE UAE METHOD FOR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN A FACTORIAL DESIGN

Ghani Nurfiana Fadma Sari — 2025-11-28

White Turi leaves (Sesbania grandiflora L.) are widely recognized as ornamental plants and vegetables and are known for their antioxidant properties due to their content of various secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and terpenoids. This study aimed to optimize solvent concentration and extraction temperature using the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method and to investigate the antioxidant activity of white turi leaf extracts using a factorial design approach. The UAE method was employed for the extraction process with ethanol concentrations of 70% and 96% and extraction temperatures of 45°C and 50°C as experimental factors. The responses observed included the extraction yield of white turi leaf extract and antioxidant activity expressed as IC₅₀ values. The results revealed that an ethanol concentration of 96% at an extraction temperature of 50°C produced the highest extraction yield of 18.66%. The highest antioxidant activity was observed using 70% ethanol at 45°C, with an IC₅₀ value of 18.86 µg/mL. Based on the factorial design analysis, an ethanol concentration of 70% combined with an ultrasonic extraction temperature of 45°C was selected as the optimal extraction condition for achieving a favorable balance between extraction yield and antioxidant activity.