Formulation of Antioxidant Serum Preparation Of Avocado Leaf Ethanol Extract (Persea americana M.)
Abstract
Avocado leaves are efficacious as antioxidants that work as electron donors and react with free radicals into stable compounds. This study aims to determine the physical quality, stability of avocado leaf extract serum preparations with carbopol variations, and to determine whether avocado leaf extract serum preparations have antioxidant activity. This study was used 5 formulations, namely negative control, positive control, avocado leaf ethanol extract concentration of 10% with carbopol concentration variations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. The method was used the DPPH method using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Evaluation of the physical properties of the preparation consisted of organoleptic, homogeneity, viscosity, pH, spreadability, and stability tests. The results had shown that serum preparations with variations in concentration can have an affect on the value of physical quality and stability, and avocado leaf extract serum preparations had antioxidant activity classified as strong antioxidants with IC50 values in formula 2 of 89.256 ppm, formula 3 of 87.868 ppm, and formula 4 of 89.256 ppm.
Keywords:
formulation, ic50, pharmacy, avocado, antioxidant
References
[1] O. : Yoanita and M. Taek, “Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Infusa Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) Dengan Metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl),” Karya Tulis Ilmiah, 2018.
[2] D. Iglesias-Guevara and P. Sánchez-Torres, “Characterization Of Antifungal Properties Of Avocado Leaves And Majagua Flowers Extracts And Their Potential Application To Control Alternaria alternata,” Int. J. Food Microbiol., vol. 413, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110579.
[3] A. Elsayed Azab, Almokhtar A Adwas, “Oxidative Stress And Antioxidant Mechanisms In Human Body,” J. Appl. Biotechnol. Bioeng., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 43–47, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.15406/jabb.2019.06.00173.
[4] F. Azzahra and T. Budiati, “Pengaruh Metode Pengeringan Dan Pelarut Ekstraksi Terhadap Rendemen Dan Kandungan Kimia Ekstrak Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.),” Med. Sains, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022.
[5] M. Elmastas, S. M. Celik, N. Genc, H. Aksit, R. Erenler, and İ. Gulcin, “Antioxidant Activity Of An Anatolian Herbal Tea-Origanum minutiflorum: Isolation And Characterization Of Its Secondary Metabolites,” Int. J. Food Prop., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 374–384, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1416399.
[6] L. Polat Kose et al., “Anticholinergic And Antioxidant Activities Of Avocado (Folium perseae) Leaves–Phytochemical Content By LC-MS/MS Analysis,” Int. J. Food Prop., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 878–893, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1761829.
[7] R. Rahmah, Y. Putri Rahayu, and A. Sartika Daulay, “Skrining Fitokima dan UJi Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) dengan Metode DPPH," Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences, vol. 1, no. 1, pp 9-25, Dec. 2023. doi: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i5-si.369.
[8] Y. Azizah, E. Kurniawati, and W. Dyah, “Karakteristik Sediaan Serum Wajah Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Sari Rimpang Temu Giring (Curcuma heyneana) Terfermentasi Lactobacillus bulgaricus.,” Karya Tulis Ilmiah Akademi Farmasi Putra Indoneisa Malang, Sep. 2018.
[9] İ. Gulcin and S. H. Alwasel, “DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay,” Processes, vol. 11, no. 8. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), Aug. 01, 2023. doi: 10.3390/pr11082248.
[10] S. Baliyan et al., “Determination of Antioxidants by DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Ficus religiosa,” Molecules, vol. 27, no. 4, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.3390/molecules27041326.
[11] “Farmakope Herbal Indonesia Edisi II 2017 Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.”
[12] W. Loe, "Formulasi Sediaan Serum Ekstrak Etanol Kayu Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Sebagai Antioksidan," Life Science Journal of Biology, vol 1, no 2, pp. 177-183, Nov. 2022.
[13] E.B. Minarno, “Skrining Fitokimia Dan Kandungan Total Flavanoid Pada Buah Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch di Kawasan Bromo, Cangar, dan Dataran Tinggi Dieng,” Jurnal Biologi El-Hayah, vol. 4, no. 2, pp 73-82, Mar. 2015, doi: 10.18860/elha.v5i2.3022.
[14] "Farmakope Indonesia Edisi VI 2020 Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia."
[15] D. Putra Wijaya et al., “Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Daun Nasi (Phrynium capitatum) dengan Metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil),” Jurnal MIPA Unsrat Online, vol. 3, no. 1, pp 11-15, Feb. 2014, doi: 10.35799/jm.3.1.2014.3899.
[16] R.D. Putri, “Formulasi Dan Evaluasi Antioksidan Serum Green Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Sebagai Anti-aging Dalam Sediaan Spray Gel Dengan Metode DPPH,” thesis, Univ. Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, 2017.
[17] A. Y. Chaerunisaa, P. Husni, and F. A. Murthadiah, “Modifikasi Viskositas Kappa karagenan Sebagai Gelling Agent Menggunakan Metode Polymer Blend,” J. Indones. Soc. Integr. Chem., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 73–83, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.22437/jisic.v12i2.12040.
[18] R. Iswandana and L. K. Sihombing, “Formulasi, Uji Stabilitas Fisik, dan Uji Aktivitas Secara In Vitro Sediaan Spray Antibau Kaki yang Mengandung Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.),” Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, vol. 4, no. 3, pp 121-131, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.7454/psr.v4i3.3805.
[19] F. Choirunissa, "Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Gelling Agent HPMC K100M Terhadap Sifat Fisik Dan Aktivitas Gel Antioksidan Ekstrak Kayu Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Dengan Metode DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2- Picrylhydrazyl)," thesis, Univ. Setia Budi. Surakarta, 2018.
[20] N. Delvin Tinasari and R. L. Vifta, “Potensi Ekstrak Buah Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume) Sebagai Bahan Aktif Sedian Antioksidan Facial Wash Gel,” Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 4, no. 1, pp 86-94, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.14710/genres.v4i1.23035.
[21] N. A. Thomas, R. Tungadi, F. Hiola, and M. S. Latif, “Pengaruh Konsentrasi Carbopol 940 Sebagai Gelling Agent Terhadap Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Gel Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera),” Indones. J. Pharm. Educ., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 316-324, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.37311/ijpe.v3i2.18050.
[22] F. Nurdyansyah and D. A. Widyastuti, “Comparison of Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic, Methanolic, n-Hexan, and Aqueous Extract of Parkia speciosa Peel based on Half-Maximal Inhibitory Concentration Through Free Radical Inhibition,” Adv. Sustain. Sci. Eng. Technol., vol. 2, no. 2, May 2020, doi: 10.26877/asset.v2i2.7129.
[2] D. Iglesias-Guevara and P. Sánchez-Torres, “Characterization Of Antifungal Properties Of Avocado Leaves And Majagua Flowers Extracts And Their Potential Application To Control Alternaria alternata,” Int. J. Food Microbiol., vol. 413, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110579.
[3] A. Elsayed Azab, Almokhtar A Adwas, “Oxidative Stress And Antioxidant Mechanisms In Human Body,” J. Appl. Biotechnol. Bioeng., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 43–47, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.15406/jabb.2019.06.00173.
[4] F. Azzahra and T. Budiati, “Pengaruh Metode Pengeringan Dan Pelarut Ekstraksi Terhadap Rendemen Dan Kandungan Kimia Ekstrak Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.),” Med. Sains, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022.
[5] M. Elmastas, S. M. Celik, N. Genc, H. Aksit, R. Erenler, and İ. Gulcin, “Antioxidant Activity Of An Anatolian Herbal Tea-Origanum minutiflorum: Isolation And Characterization Of Its Secondary Metabolites,” Int. J. Food Prop., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 374–384, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1416399.
[6] L. Polat Kose et al., “Anticholinergic And Antioxidant Activities Of Avocado (Folium perseae) Leaves–Phytochemical Content By LC-MS/MS Analysis,” Int. J. Food Prop., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 878–893, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1761829.
[7] R. Rahmah, Y. Putri Rahayu, and A. Sartika Daulay, “Skrining Fitokima dan UJi Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) dengan Metode DPPH," Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences, vol. 1, no. 1, pp 9-25, Dec. 2023. doi: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i5-si.369.
[8] Y. Azizah, E. Kurniawati, and W. Dyah, “Karakteristik Sediaan Serum Wajah Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Sari Rimpang Temu Giring (Curcuma heyneana) Terfermentasi Lactobacillus bulgaricus.,” Karya Tulis Ilmiah Akademi Farmasi Putra Indoneisa Malang, Sep. 2018.
[9] İ. Gulcin and S. H. Alwasel, “DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay,” Processes, vol. 11, no. 8. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), Aug. 01, 2023. doi: 10.3390/pr11082248.
[10] S. Baliyan et al., “Determination of Antioxidants by DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Ficus religiosa,” Molecules, vol. 27, no. 4, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.3390/molecules27041326.
[11] “Farmakope Herbal Indonesia Edisi II 2017 Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.”
[12] W. Loe, "Formulasi Sediaan Serum Ekstrak Etanol Kayu Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Sebagai Antioksidan," Life Science Journal of Biology, vol 1, no 2, pp. 177-183, Nov. 2022.
[13] E.B. Minarno, “Skrining Fitokimia Dan Kandungan Total Flavanoid Pada Buah Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch di Kawasan Bromo, Cangar, dan Dataran Tinggi Dieng,” Jurnal Biologi El-Hayah, vol. 4, no. 2, pp 73-82, Mar. 2015, doi: 10.18860/elha.v5i2.3022.
[14] "Farmakope Indonesia Edisi VI 2020 Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia."
[15] D. Putra Wijaya et al., “Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Daun Nasi (Phrynium capitatum) dengan Metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil),” Jurnal MIPA Unsrat Online, vol. 3, no. 1, pp 11-15, Feb. 2014, doi: 10.35799/jm.3.1.2014.3899.
[16] R.D. Putri, “Formulasi Dan Evaluasi Antioksidan Serum Green Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Sebagai Anti-aging Dalam Sediaan Spray Gel Dengan Metode DPPH,” thesis, Univ. Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, 2017.
[17] A. Y. Chaerunisaa, P. Husni, and F. A. Murthadiah, “Modifikasi Viskositas Kappa karagenan Sebagai Gelling Agent Menggunakan Metode Polymer Blend,” J. Indones. Soc. Integr. Chem., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 73–83, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.22437/jisic.v12i2.12040.
[18] R. Iswandana and L. K. Sihombing, “Formulasi, Uji Stabilitas Fisik, dan Uji Aktivitas Secara In Vitro Sediaan Spray Antibau Kaki yang Mengandung Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.),” Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, vol. 4, no. 3, pp 121-131, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.7454/psr.v4i3.3805.
[19] F. Choirunissa, "Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Gelling Agent HPMC K100M Terhadap Sifat Fisik Dan Aktivitas Gel Antioksidan Ekstrak Kayu Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Dengan Metode DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2- Picrylhydrazyl)," thesis, Univ. Setia Budi. Surakarta, 2018.
[20] N. Delvin Tinasari and R. L. Vifta, “Potensi Ekstrak Buah Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume) Sebagai Bahan Aktif Sedian Antioksidan Facial Wash Gel,” Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 4, no. 1, pp 86-94, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.14710/genres.v4i1.23035.
[21] N. A. Thomas, R. Tungadi, F. Hiola, and M. S. Latif, “Pengaruh Konsentrasi Carbopol 940 Sebagai Gelling Agent Terhadap Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Gel Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera),” Indones. J. Pharm. Educ., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 316-324, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.37311/ijpe.v3i2.18050.
[22] F. Nurdyansyah and D. A. Widyastuti, “Comparison of Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic, Methanolic, n-Hexan, and Aqueous Extract of Parkia speciosa Peel based on Half-Maximal Inhibitory Concentration Through Free Radical Inhibition,” Adv. Sustain. Sci. Eng. Technol., vol. 2, no. 2, May 2020, doi: 10.26877/asset.v2i2.7129.
Published
2025-07-23
How to Cite
Silitonga, R., Kuncahyo, I., & Harjanti, R. (2025). Formulation of Antioxidant Serum Preparation Of Avocado Leaf Ethanol Extract (Persea americana M.). Journal of Pharmaceutical Researchers, 3(3), 34-42. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31001/jpr.v2i3.2688
Section
Article
