The potential antioxidant activity of ethanol extract and fraction of ciplukan (Physalis angulata) on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)
Abstract
Antioksidan eksogen pada tanaman diketahui memiliki efek samping yang kecil, murah dan digunakan dalam mencegah penyakit. Dengan berkembangnya penggunaan tanaman dan sayuran sebagai sumber antioksidan alami, banyak peneliti tertarik untuk menginvestigasi dan mempelajari hal ini. Dalam penelitian ini, ekstrak etanol dan fraksi tanaman ciplukan (Physalis angulata) dilakukan investigasi dan evaluasi potensi aktivitas antioksidannya. Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah menetapkan kadar dan mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol dan fraksi ciplukan.
Akar, batang, dan daun ciplukan diekstraksi dengan menggunakan metode maserasi kemudian dipartisi dengan fraksi polar (air), non polar (n-heksana), dan semipolar (etil asetat). Hasil ekstraksi kemudian dianalisis kadar flavonoid total dengan menggunakan kuersetin sebagai standar dan aktivitas antioksidan pada DPPH. Hubungan antara kadar total flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan metode regresi linier.
Ekstrak etanol daun ciplukan memiliki nilai total flavonoid tertinggi yaitu 38.04 ± 0.8 mg/g kemudian diikuti oleh ekstrak akar (9 ± 0.2 mg/g), dan ekstrak batang (7.1 ± 0.1 mg/g). Fraksi etil asetat dari ekstrak etanol daun ciplukan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi yaitu 32.10 ± 0.2 µg/ml yang dihitung sebagai IC50 kemudian diikuti oleh fraksi air (38.20 ± 0.8 µg/ml), dan fraksi heksana (38.20 ± 0.8 µg/ml) . Hasil analisis regresi linier menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan berkorelasi dengan nilai total flavonoid dan disimpulkan bahwa flavonoid merupakan komponen antioksidan utama pada tanaman ciplukan.
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