Effect of Corona Virus Disease on Health Supplement Products Sales
Abstract
Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, previously on March 2, 2020 Indonesia has reported 2 confirmed cases of COVID-19. Immunomodulators that can increase the body's resistance to the COVID-19 virus by stimulating the immune system. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of COVID-19 on the sale of health supplement products in a pharmacy in Surakarta.
This research is an analytical observational research. Data was collected from sales records at pharmacies in the 3 months before the COVID-19 pandemic and 3 months at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data analysis using statistical tests.
Sales of health supplement products for 6 months were 17843 pcs. There were 4773 health supplement products sold before the pandemic, while 13070 pcs were sold during the pandemic. The results of the normality test showed that the data were not normally distributed. The Wilcoxon test results show that the significant value is 0.028 (<0.05), meaning that there is a difference in sales before and after the determination of the pandemic. The conclusion of this study is that COVID-19 has an effect on the sale of health supplement products in a pharmacy in Surakarta.
Keywords:
COVID-19, supplement, sales
References
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[2] Kementerian Kesehatan RI Direktorat Jenderal Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit. Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) Revisi 3. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2020.
[3] Walikota Surakarta. Keputuan Walikota Surakarta Nomor. 443.76/28 Tahun 2020 tentang Penetapan Status Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) di Kota Surakarta. Surakarta. 2020;
[4] Yuki K, Fujiogi M, Koutsogiannaki S. COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review. Clin Immunol Orlando Fla. 2020 Jun;215:108427.
[5] Di Gennaro F, Pizzol D, Marotta C, Antunes M, Racalbuto V, Veronese N, et al. Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) Current Status and Future Perspectives: A Narrative Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17.
[6] Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia. Panduan Praktis untuk Apoteker Menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19. Jakarta: ISFI Penerbitan; 2020.
[7] Pranita E. Virus Corona di Indonesia Bikin Masyarakat Panik, Ini Sebabnya [Internet]. KOMPAS.com. 2020 [cited 2020 Nov 3]. Available from: https://www.kompas.com/sains/read/2020/03/12/071400823/virus-corona-di-indonesia-bikin-masyarakat-panik-ini-sebabnya
[8] Izzaty. Kebijakan Pemerintah dalam Mengatasi Panic Buying Akibat COVID-19. Pus Penelit Badan Keahlian DPR RI [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 Nov 3];12. Available from: http://sdip.dpr.go.id/
[9] Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Nomor 17 Tahun 2019 Tentang Persyaratan Mutu Suplemen Kesehatan. Jakarta; 2019.
[10] Siswanto, Budisetyawati, Ernawati F. Peran beberapa Zat Gizi Mikro dalam Sistem Imunitas. Gizi Indon. 2013;36(1):57–64.
[11] Siregar ML. Peran Imunomodulator Pada Penyakit Infeksi. Proc Temu Ilm Konsep Mutakhir Tatalaksana Berbagai Persoalan Medis. 2015;13.
[12] Devagaran T, Diantini A. Senyawa Immunomodulator dari Tanaman. Stud E-J Univ Padjadjaran. 2012;6:2.
[13] Daramatasia W. Peran Vitamin D dalam Regulasi Sistem Imunitas melalui Sel Dendritik. J Ilmu Kesehat Media Husada. 2012;1:55.
[14] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Pedoman Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Pencegahan COVID-19 di RT/RW/Desa. Jakarta; 2020.
[15] Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Surakarta. Banyaknya Curah Hujan dan Hari Hujan di Kota Surakarta Menurut Bulan Tahun 2012-2017 dan 2018 [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2020 Aug 22]. Available from: https://surakartakota.bps.go.id/dynamictable/2019/01/04/56/banyaknya-curah-hujan-dan-hari-hujan-di-kota-surakarta-menurut-bulan-tahun-2012-2017.html
[16] Tosepu R, Gunawan J, Effendy DS, Ahmad LOAI, Lestari H, Bahar H, et al. Correlation between weather and Covid-19 pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia. Sci Total Environ. 2020 Jul 10;725:138436.
[17] Agustiadi A. Analisis Perilaku Pembelian dan Konsumsi Produk Suplemen Makanan. Inst Pertan Bogor. 2013;
[18] Hemilä H, Chalker E. Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jan 31;(1):CD000980.
[19] Biancatelli RMLC, Berrill M, Marik PE. The antiviral properties of vitamin C. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2020 Feb 1;18(2):99–101.
[20] Feyaerts AF, Luyten W. Vitamin C as prophylaxis and adjunctive medical treatment for COVID-19? Nutrition. 2020 Jul 25;110948.
[21] Huang Z, Liu Y, Qi G, Brand D, Zheng SG. Role of Vitamin A in the Immune System. J Clin Med [Internet]. 2018 Sep 6 [cited 2020 Aug 23];7(9). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6162863/
[22] Martineau AR, Jolliffe DA, Greenberg L, Aloia JF, Bergman P, Dubnov-Raz G, et al. Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis. Health Technol Assess. 2019;23(2):1–44.
[23] Rondanelli M, Miccono A, Lamburghini S, Avanzato I, Riva A, Allegrini P, et al. Self-Care for Common Colds: The Pivotal Role of Vitamin D, Vitamin C, Zinc, and Echinacea in Three Main Immune Interactive Clusters (Physical Barriers, Innate and Adaptive Immunity) Involved during an Episode of Common Colds—Practical Advice on Dosages and on the Time to Take These Nutrients/Botanicals in order to Prevent or Treat Common Colds. Evid-Based Complement Altern Med ECAM [Internet]. 2018 Apr 29 [cited 2020 Aug 23];2018. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5949172/
[24] Erickson KL, Medina EA, Hubbard NE. Micronutrients and innate immunity. J Infect Dis. 2000 Sep;182 Suppl 1:S5-10.
[25] Kamen DL, Tangpricha V. Vitamin D and molecular actions on the immune system: modulation of innate and autoimmunity. J Mol Med Berl Ger. 2010 May;88(5):441–50.
[26] Maggini S, Wintergerst ES, Beveridge S, Hornig DH. Selected vitamins and trace elements support immune function by strengthening epithelial barriers and cellular and humoral immune responses. Br J Nutr. 2007 Oct;98 Suppl 1:S29-35.
[27] Megna M, Amico AP, Gristella G, Saggini R, Jirillo E, Ranieri M. Effects of Herbal Supplements on The Immune System in Relation to Exercise. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2012;25:43–9.
[28] Lee GY, Han SN. The Role of Vitamin E in Immunity. Nutrients [Internet]. 2018 Nov 1 [cited 2020 Aug 23];10(11). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6266234/
[29] Maggini S, Pierre A, Calder PC. Immune Function and Micronutrient Requirements Change over the Life Course. Nutrients [Internet]. 2018 Oct 17 [cited 2020 Aug 23];10(10). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC621292
Published
2021-04-08
Section
Articles
